1. Main structural composition of belt conveyor:

The belt conveyor is mainly composed of five main parts and eight accessories, which are listed as follows:

(1) The five main parts are: belt, head pulley, tail pulley, supporting pulley and frame.

(2) The eight accessories are: motor, reducer, tensioning device, surface increasing wheel, surface receiving wheel, material receiving leakage, sweeper and brake.

2. The functions of each component of the belt conveyor are as follows:

(1) motor, reducer and head pulley are transmission devices. The motor converts electric energy into kinetic energy and drives it to the reducer through connection. The reducer drives the head pulley to rotate according to a certain proportion through connection, so as to drive the whole belt to rotate.

(2) Belt: it is the traction and bearing mechanism of belt conveyor.

(3) Frame: support head and tail wheels, upper and lower idlers.

(4) idler: support the belt rotation to reduce the resistance of belt operation.

(5) brake: it is generally set on the climbing belt to prevent belt dumping when the belt stops. The brake is divided into electro-hydraulic brake, electromagnetic brake, backstop and other forms.

(6) Tensioning device: prevent the belt from slipping, increase the friction of the head pulley and slow down the impact force when starting the belt. The tensioning device generally adopts the tensioning mode of the tail trolley, the middle falling weight tensioning mode and the tail screw rod adjustment tensioning mode.

(7) sweeper: scrape off the adhesive material left on the belt to prevent the residual material from falling along the return line. Prevent belt deviation caused by mud hanging on tail wheel, face increasing wheel and idler.

(8) Tail pulley: change the running direction of the belt by 180 °.

(9) Increasing surface pulley: increase the contact surface between the head and tail pulley and the belt to prevent the belt from slipping and improve the traction of the belt.

3. Working principle of belt conveyor

The belt conveyor uses the tape connected by winding the head pulley and tail pulley to form a closed annular belt. It receives electricity through the motor, converts the electric energy into kinetic energy to drive the head pulley to run, and uses the friction between the head pulley and the belt to drive the belt to run continuously.

Belt conveyor does not exist in isolation in the process production process, but an important link in the process production. Generally, there is a receiving funnel at the tail of the belt and a blanking funnel at the head. Pay attention to sundries blocking the leakage or scratching the belt in the receiving funnel, and pay attention to the accidents of belt stacking, pressing and blocking in the blanking funnel。